From Urban Catastrophe to ‘Model’ City? Politics, Security and Development in Post-conflict Kigali
分析了1994年卢旺达种族灭绝后，基加利如何从危机城市迅速转变为联合国认可的‘模范现代城市’，探讨政府通过政治巩固、外国援助和‘安全城市化’策略实现这一转变的过程及长期影响。
In the years immediately after the 1994 Rwandan genocide, Kigali was a site of continuing crisis amid extraordinary levels of urban population growth, as refugees returned to Rwanda in their millions. Yet unlike many post-conflict cities that spiral into endemic crime and instability, it was rapidly securitised in the context of political consolidation and large amounts of foreign aid, and hailed by the UN as a ‘model, modern city’. This paper analyses the government’s approach to securitising Kigali, interrogating how its rapid trajectory from epicentre of conflict to carefully planned showcase for development has been achieved. It is argued that Kigali bears the weight of many of Rwanda’s development aspirations and keeping it secure and orderly is viewed as critical by the government. After examining the national and local processes through which the government has aimed to achieve ‘secure urbanisation’, the potential longer-term implications of its urban development strategy are considered.