Where Is the Café? The Challenge of Making Retail Uses Viable in Mixed-use Suburban Developments
研究加拿大三个城市中规划者、开发商和市议员在郊区混合用途开发中实施零售用途时遇到的挑战，发现规划者用进化理论合理化其愿景，而开发商以消费者行为解释为何规划想法行不通。
Contemporary planners see mixing residential, retail and other compatible uses as an essential planning principle. This paper explores the challenges that planners, developers and municipal councillors encounter in trying to implement retail uses as part of the mix in suburban areas in three Canadian cities. The study finds that planners employ evolutionary theories of urban development to naturalise their normative visions of walkable and sociable communities. By contrast, developers point to consumer behaviour to explain why planners' ideas on mix do not work. In a society where people shop at big-box outlets, making the local café or pub commercially viable proves increasingly challenging.