“I Identify with Her,” “I Identify with Him”: Unpacking the Dynamics of Personal Identification in Organizations
区分了威胁驱动、机会驱动和亲近驱动三条个人认同路径，并构建模型解释其情境、身份建构与结果，有助于理解组织中个人认同的矛盾效应。
Despite recognizing the importance of personal identification in organizations, researchers have rarely explored its dynamics. We define personal identification as perceived oneness with another individual, where one defines oneself in terms of the other. While many scholars have found that personal identification is associated with helpful effects, others have found it harmful. To resolve this contradiction, we distinguish between three paths to personal identification—threat-focused, opportunity-focused, and closeness-focused paths—and articulate a model that includes each. We examine the contextual features, how individuals’ identities are constructed, and the likely outcomes that follow in the three paths. We conclude with a discussion of how the threat-, opportunity-, and closeness-focused personal identification processes potentially blend, as well as implications for future research and practice.