Measuring the Technical Efficiency of Municipal Water Suppliers: The Role of Environmental Factors
扩展了多阶段效率分析方法，采用自助法对加拿大安大略省市政供水企业进行技术效率评估，发现环境因素显著影响效率得分，控制环境因素后企业相对效率排名发生较大变化。
This paper extends the multistage procedure set out by Fried, Schmidt, and Yaisawarng (1999) to examine the importance of environmental factors when assessing the technical efficiency of water agencies. However, following Simar and Wilson’s (2007) critique of multistage efficiency analyses, the paper uses a bootstrapping approach in order to have consistent inference. Data are from a cross-section of municipal water agencies in Ontario, Canada, during 1996. The main findings are that environmental factors explain some of the observed variation in efficiency scores and that water agencies’ relative efficiency scores are changed substantially after controlling for environmental factors. <i></i>