谁为最低工资买单?

Who Pays for the Minimum Wage?

American Economic Review · 2019
被引 260
人大 A+FT50ABS 4*

中文导读

研究了匈牙利最低工资大幅上涨后企业的应对方式,发现约75%的成本由消费者承担,25%由企业主承担,就业弹性为负但较小。

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the margins along which firms responded to a large and persistent minimum wage increase in Hungary. We show that employment elasticities are negative but small even four years after the reform; that around 75 percent of the minimum wage increase was paid by consumers and 25 percent by firm owners; that firms responded to the minimum wage by substituting labor with capital; and that disemployment effects were greater in industries where passing the wage costs to consumers is more difficult. We estimate a model with monopolistic competition to explain these findings.

最低工资就业弹性成本转嫁资本劳动替代