How Much Does Social Status Matter to Longevity?—Evidence from China's Academician Election
利用中国院士选举这一自然实验，研究发现当选院士带来的社会地位提升（副部级）可使寿命延长约1.2年，且该效应独立于经济影响。
We provide evidence for the causal impact of social status on longevity by exploiting a natural experiment in which subjects undergo a shift in their social status without considerable economic impact. We gather data on 4190 scientists who were either nominated for or successfully elected to the Chinese Academy of Science or of Engineering. Being elected as an academician in China is a boost in social status (vice-ministerial level) with negligible direct economic impact (US$30 monthly before 2009). After correcting for two sources of bias, (1) some potential academicians decease too young to be elected, leading to selection bias in favor of academicians and (2) the endogenous relationship between health and social status, we find that the enhanced social status of becoming an academician leads to approximately 1.2 years longer life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.