The Making of a Manager: Evidence from Military Officer Training
研究瑞典兵役期间的军官培训对日后成为管理者的概率有显著正向影响，最密集培训使概率提高约5个百分点（75%），并提升教育水平，可能源于领导力技能习得。
We show that officer training during the Swedish military service has a strong positive effect on the probability of attaining a managerial position later in life. The most intense type of officer training increases the probability of becoming a civilian manager by about 5 percentage points, or 75%. Officer training also increases educational attainment post–military service. We argue that the effect on civilian leadership could be due to the acquisition of leadership-specific skills during the military service, and we present suggestive evidence related to alternative mechanisms, such as signaling, networks, and training unrelated to leadership.