Determinants of the Level of Informality of Informal Micro-Enterprises: Some Evidence from the City of Lahore, Pakistan
基于2012年对巴基斯坦拉合尔市300家非正规微型企业的调查，发现企业家和企业特征（如性别、年龄、教育、收入和企业年龄）比动机或制度环境更能预测非正规程度。
Recognizing that enterprises operate at varying levels of informality, this paper evaluates the determinants of their degree of informality. Reporting a 2012 survey of 300 informal microenterprises in the city of Lahore in Pakistan, the finding is that the key predictors of their level of informality are the characteristics of the entrepreneur and enterprise, rather than their motives or the wider formal and informal institutional compliance environment. Lower degrees of informality are associated with women, older, educated, and higher income entrepreneurs and older enterprises with employees in the manufacturing sector . The paper concludes by discussing the theoretical and policy implications.