The Utilitarian Relevance of the Aggregation Theorem
回应Sen对Harsanyi加总定理的批评，通过形式论证表明该定理具有功利主义相关性，证明任何满足定理条件的社会观察者都会使用加权功利主义总和来评估社会状态。
Harsanyi (1955) invested his Aggregation Theorem and Impartial Observer Theorem with utilitarian sense, but Sen (1986) described them as “representation theorems” with little ethical import. This critical view has never been subjected to full analytical scrutiny. The formal argument we provide here supports the utilitarian relevance of the Aggregation Theorem. Following a hint made by Sen himself, we posit an exogeneous utilitarian ordering that evaluates riskless options by the sum of individual utilities, and we show that any social observer who obeys the conditions of the Aggregation Theorem evaluates social states in terms of a weighted variant of this utilitarian sum.