Toward an aspiration-level theory of open innovation
基于企业行为理论，将开放式创新视为非本地搜索，发现企业绩效显著低于或高于抱负水平时会转向开放式创新，并探讨企业创新资源（人力资本、研发投入、专利）的调节作用。
Although open innovation has become increasingly established in the management literature, comprehensive theoretical explanations of what drives firms to be open are sparse. Taking the perspective of the behavioral theory of the firm, we conceive of open innovation as a form of nonlocal search, arguing that firms will turn to open innovation when substantially under- or over-performing relative to their aspirations. We further enquire how this relationship is moderated by firm-specific innovation-related resources: human capital, research and development investment, and patents. Employing a representative survey of UK firms, we find some evidence of moderation, allowing us to present explanations of search through open innovation and contribute to the behavioral theory of the firm itself.