Does forced voting result in political polarization?
利用巴西双重投票制度（自愿与强制）的断点回归设计，发现强制投票立法显著影响个人政治倾向，使其更可能认同政党并走向极端。
This paper estimates the effects of the compulsory voting legislation on individuals’ political orientations though a regression discontinuity framework. The identification comes from Brazil’s dual voting system—voluntary and compulsory—whose exposure is determined based on citizen’s date of birth. Using self-collected data, we find that compulsory voting legislation has sizable effects on individuals’ political preferences, making them more likely to identify with a political party and to become extreme oriented.