Exploring the private pension gender gap and occupation in later working life
利用英国老龄化纵向研究数据，通过赫克曼选择模型纠正偏差，发现性别对私人养老金参与的影响大于职业，且女性较低的参与率是积累财富不足的主因，职业会调节性别差距大小。
This article investigates the gender gap in private pension (PP) membership and wealth across different occupations among a cohort of employees using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Using a Heckman selection model to correct for selection bias the results show that gender has a stronger effect than occupation on PP membership and that it is female employees’ lower rate of PP membership that has the greatest impact on their ability to accumulate PP wealth, rather than their ability to save once a member. The size of the gender gap in PP wealth is also conditioned by occupation. Analysis of the interaction of these two variables provides new insights into the heterogeneity of women’s private pension experience and the emergence of a ‘privileged pole’ among professional women.