Stakeholder Agency and Social Welfare: Pluralism and Decision Making in the Multi-Objective Corporation
提出多目标公司模型，认为社会福祉是多元概念，通过内部利益相关者市场机制，公司能更直接地参与实现不同利益相关者的多样化目标，从而改善社会福利。
Social welfare, or the good society, is of central concern to the Academy of Management. We begin by observing that, in theory and practice, social welfare appears to be a multifarious, multidimensional, pluralistic concept. In light of this, we develop an account of a multi-objective corporation as a means for enabling a greater range of management decisions so as to permit more direct corporate engagement in the diverse goals of various stakeholders. In the course of doing this, we critique aspects of single-objective theories of corporate function and argue that a key objection to multi-objective views can be avoided. Our analysis is built on a stakeholder agency framework wherein corporate actions reflect the outcome of an intracorporate “marketplace.” We suggest that improvements in social welfare are more likely when intracorporate markets among stakeholders can operate unconstrained by some single-valued objective.