Energy as an indicator of modernization in Latin America, 1890–1925
本文用能源消费量作为衡量拉丁美洲和加勒比地区现代化程度的指标，估算了30个国家1890-1925年人均现代能源消费，为比较分析提供了数据基础。
In the absence of comparable macroeconomic indicators for most of the Latin American economies before the 1930s, the apparent consumption of energy is used in this paper as a proxy of the degree of modernization of Latin America and the Caribbean. This paper presents an estimate of the apparent consumption per head of modern energies (coal, petroleum, and hydroelectricity) for 30 countries of the region, 1890 to 1925. As a result, it provides the basis for a quantitative comparative analysis of modernization performance beyond the few countries for which historical national accounts are available in Latin America.