Imported Inputs and Productivity
利用匈牙利企业微观数据，估计进口投入品对生产率的影响，发现进口所有投入品种类可使企业收入生产率提高22%，其中约一半源于国内外投入品的不完全替代，并解释了1993-2002年间匈牙利生产率增长的四分之一。
We estimate a model of importers in Hungarian microdata and conduct counterfactual analysis to investigate the effect of imported inputs on productivity. We find that importing all input varieties would increase a firm’s revenue productivity by 22 percent, about one-half of which is due to imperfect substitution between foreign and domestic inputs. Foreign firms use imports more effectively and pay lower fixed import costs. We attribute one-quarter of Hungarian productivity growth during the 1993–2002 period to imported inputs. Simulations show that the productivity gain from a tariff cut is larger when the economy has many importers and many foreign firms.