Analysis of Output Variances: A Forensic Accounting Approach
探讨如何将法务会计方法应用于制造业的产出差异分析，以发现常规审计难以察觉的舞弊行为，并结合实证与实验模块提出建议。
With the introduction of the International Standard on Auditing number 240 (ISA240) there is a paradigm shift in auditing. Auditors are required to identify and assess the risks of material misstatements due to fraud at the financial statement level and to evaluate the sufficiency, implementation and the effectiveness of the controls related to those assessed prone to fraud. This, of course, implies that statutory audit must now take the garb of forensic investigations. The problem with the present system of forensic investigation is that it focused more on financial transactions than on the totality of the entity's operations and often time neglects areas where there have been constant leakages of other organisational resources that are of financial consequences but which are not easily detected with a normal analysis of the financial statement. Determining the extent forensic accounting can detect possible criminal activities concealed in financial account is still a subject of debate in most jurisdiction. This paper attempts to offer suggestions using real case problem on how to apply forensic accounting in investigating variances and suspected fraudulent activities in manufacturing processes. It employs both empirical and supervised experimental modules integrated with the normal audit tools in unearthing fraudulent acts perpetrated over many accounting periods. The paper recommends that forensic accounting is necessary in a manufacturing organization in order to detect fraudulent activities which normal audit cannot detect.