Policies, politics and organisational problems: multiple streams and the implementation of targets in UK government
基于金登的多源流框架，提出组织问题构建和中央政治压力两个关键变量，形成四种实施模式，并通过英国在庇护、国防和气候变化领域的目标实施案例及54次访谈进行验证。
Kingdon’s multiple streams approach has recently been applied to study implementation across sectors or levels of government. Building on these contributions, we suggest that two streams are especially important in shaping implementation: organisational problem constructions and political pressure from the centre. These variables produce a four-way typology of implementation modes. We test the model by analysing implementation of UK targets on asylum, defence and climate change, drawing on 54 semi-structured interviews with policy actors. The analysis shows how organisations can shift between modes of implementation over time, responding to changes in organisational problems and central political commitment to the policy.