When it Takes a Network: Creating Strategy and Agility through Wargaming
研究了在复杂多变的市场环境中，传统命令控制式战略失效时，如何通过兵棋推演方法（如英国皇家海军陆战队在阿富汗的实践）协调多方利益相关者，实现战略变革与敏捷响应。
Rational, analytical, directed approaches for strategy creation and execution may work for creating value by conventional, hierarchically structured organizations operating in stable environments. However, when the basis of competition shifts from product features to an experience delivered by a network of independently acting participants in a complex and fast-evolving market environment, approaches based on command and control do not work. For order to emerge from such chaos and to gain more control over success, strategy based on reason alone is not enough to inspire action in others. To understand what it takes to effectively make strategy under such circumstances, this article shows how the UK's Royal Marines, in collaboration with more than a dozen different stakeholder groups, developed a novel adaptation of wargaming to affect strategic change in Afghanistan. It also demonstrates the broad applicability of this strategic approach.