Continuity and Change in Japanese Management
评估了日本企业雇佣与晋升体系的变化程度和方向，指出未来日本公司将是终身雇佣与西方横向劳动力市场灵活性的混合体。
The system of manpower management developed in the 1960s and 1970s that has served Japan so well is currently undergoing a transformation. This article assesses the magnitude and direction of the changes in the employment and promotion systems inside Japanese companies. The Japanese company of the future will be a hybrid that effectively combines the advantages of lifetime employment practices with some of the flexibilities of a Western-style horizontal labor market.