Vertical and financial ownership: Competition policy and the evolution of the UK pub market
研究英国1989年啤酒法令强制剥离酒吧资产后，纵向一体化结构被独立酒吧公司取代的后果，探讨监管干预对深层组织模式的风险与回报。
Traditionally the UK brewing industry was vertically integrated with brewers owning and controlling pubs. This came to an abrupt end in the forced divestment of a large proportion of the major brewers' pub estates in the 1989 ‘Beer Orders’. The divested pubs spawned the independent pub companies. This study of regulatory policy and financial services interest in the UK brewing industry poses the question of whether the original industrial structure was preferable to what has emerged subsequently. The contribution of the article is in highlighting the risks and rewards of regulatory intervention in deeply-embedded organisation and the sustainability of alternative business models that emerge.