Manufacturing demand for business services
分析了1988-1990年间苏格兰和英格兰东南部制造商对关键战略商业服务的需求，发现需求扩张是商业服务产出增长的主因，而非灵活企业模型预测的重组策略。
This paper analyses the demand by manufacturers in Scotland and South East England for key strategic business services during the three years 1988–19901 within the framework of the flexible firm paradigm. A series of hypotheses concerning the demand for business services is developed and tested. Evidence suggests that expansion of demand is the primary cause of increasing business service output and not restructuring strategies as predicted by the flexible firm model. Both externalisation and internalisation of business services are occurring simultaneously; the net balance is consistent with a marginal trend towards vertical integration in manufacturing and a stronger one in business services.