Integrating Immigrants: The Impact of Restructuring Active Labor Market Programs
研究了芬兰针对失业移民的积极劳动力市场计划重组的影响，发现改革使参与者在10年内累计收入提高47%，主要归因于资源更有效利用和培训内容调整。
We examine the impact of restructuring active labor market programs for unemployed immigrants in Finland. Exploiting a discontinuity in the phase-in rules of the reform, we find that it increased compliers' cumulative earnings by 47% over a 10-year follow-up period. We attribute these improvements to a more efficient use of existing resources. The reform did not affect total days in training, but it did modify the content toward training specifically designed for immigrants.