Anchor, incumbent and late entry MNEs as propellents of technology cluster evolution
通过纵向定性研究，揭示了跨国企业如何作为知识流动的渠道，从集群起源到推动其在相关和不相关技术分支上的演化，同时促进集群专业化、多样化和全球连接，降低技术颠覆风险。
This paper reports on a longitudinal qualitative study on the role of MNEs (multinational enterprises), as conduits of knowledge flows, in the evolution of a technology cluster. Previous studies illustrated how MNEs were attracted to existent clusters and their modes of entry into the cluster. This study however sets out not only how MNEs originated this cluster, but also how incumbent and later entrant MNEs propelled the cluster onwards in related and unrelated technology branches through both shaping knowledge density in the cluster and spreading knowledge breadth across the cluster. This facilitated simultaneous cluster specialisation, diversification and connectivity into the global system, thereby reducing vulnerability to technological disruption.