Identity-Based Organizations
构建了一个俱乐部模型，研究个人身份与社会身份的集体生产，发现身份倾向于对立发展，致力于更极端身份的组织能支持更高水平的参与和集体行动。
A single club model describes the collective production of both personal and social identity. Personal identity, how one perceives oneself, is formed through a process of cultural transmission. Social identity, how one is perceived by others, takes the form of collective reputation. Our model of identity-based organizations incorporates into the economics of identity insights from the economics of religion and cultural transmission. The identities that develop tend to be oppositional. Organizations devoted to more extreme identities are able to support higher levels of participation and collective action.