The Impact of Economic Sanctions on Income Inequality of Target States
基于1960-2008年68个目标国的跨国数据，实证分析经济制裁对目标国收入不平等的影响，发现制裁会加剧不平等，且金融与贸易制裁影响不同，制裁持续时间越长，不平等恶化越严重。
In this paper, we draw on established theoretical work to analyze empirically which segments of the population in the target states bear the most cost when economic sanctions are imposed. Using a cross-country analysis of 68 target states from 1960 to 2008, we find robust empirical evidence that the imposition of sanctions has a deleterious effect on income inequality. Focusing on various sanction instruments, financial and trade sanctions were found to have different impacts on income inequality. Lastly, the adverse effect of the sanctions is more severe on income inequality when sanctions span longer duration.