Respect and Disrespect in Deliberation Across the Networked Media Environment: Examining Multiple Paths of Political Talk
研究识别了在线审议中不尊重的不同目标（对话伙伴、论点、冲突中的行动者和群体、无明确目标的脏话），并考察了它们在不同网络语境下与审议的关系，发现匿名性和同质性相关的数字可供性对脏话表达的影响不如预期显著，而在线社会规范有助于解释YouTube、博客和Facebook上的互动与推理实践。
There is extensive research dedicated to civility in online deliberation, but empirical studies on mutual respect are still scarce. By adopting a systemic approach to deliberation, this study identifies different targets of disrespect (conversation partners, arguments, actors and groups involved in a certain conflict, profanity without a clear target), and investigates their relations with deliberation in different online contexts. This paper argues that the nature of digital affordances related to anonymity and homophily influences the expression of foul language, but not as significantly as was originally assumed. Analysis reveals that online social norms help to explain the configuration of interactions and practices of reasoning together in YouTube, blogs, and Facebook; and the extent to which profanity affects justification and reciprocity.