Remittances and Household Expenditures on Education in Ghana's Northern Region: Why Gender Matters
研究质疑汇款研究中将家庭视为统一决策单位的假设，利用加纳女性城乡迁移数据发现，汇款流向存在性别网络，女性收款家庭的教育支出是男性收款家庭的两倍以上。
Studies of the impact of migrant remittances on receiving households assume that these households act as a unit in receiving remittances and making decisions about their use. Thus, many of these studies use the gender of the household head as a key control variable. This study questions this assumption, using original qualitative and quantitative data on rural--urban migration of women in Ghana to show that gendered social norms of household provisioning influence the intrahousehold flow of remittances. Regression results indicate that migrant women are more likely to send remittances to other women, creating female-centered networks of remittance flows even within male-headed households. The implications of this for intrahousehold resource allocation are explored through an analysis of the impact of the gender of the remitter and recipient on education expenditure. The results show that regardless of the gender of the household head, households in which women are the primary recipient of remittances spend more than twice as much on education as households in which men are the primary recipient.