Insiders, Outsiders, and the Struggle for Consecration in Cultural Fields
研究文化生产者（如电影人）在行业中的嵌入程度如何影响其作品被同行或评论家认可（圣化）的可能性，发现同行更偏爱高度嵌入者，而评论家则无此偏好。
Building on recent research emphasizing how legitimacy depends on consensus among audiences about candidates’ characteristics and activities, we examine the relationship between cultural producers’ (candidates) position in the social structure and the consecration of their creative work by relevant audiences. We argue that the outcome of this process of evaluation in any cultural field, whether in art or science, is a function of (1) candidates’ embeddedness within the field, and (2) the type of audience—that is, peers versus critics—evaluating candidates’ work. Specifically, we hypothesize that peers are more likely to favor candidates who are highly embedded in the field, whereas critics will not show such favoritism. We find support for these hypotheses in the context of the Hollywood motion picture industry.