Need and poverty
本文阐述了‘需求’的概念，并探讨其对‘贫困’讨论的启示，主张贫困涉及未满足的需求，且需求是达成最终状态的必要条件。
This paper presents an account of ‘need’ and teases out some of the implications of that account for discussions of ‘poverty’. It makes two main claims: that ‘poverty’ involves unmet need and that ‘needs’ are necessary conditions for end-states. If these claims are accepted, several things follow. One is that statements about poverty will only be fully intelligible when the end-states for which the ‘poor’ lack the necessary conditions are clearly understood. Since much research fails to make clear what it is that the ‘poor’ lack the necessary conditions to do or be, this point is not without significance.