网络交换的身份模型

An Identity Model for Network Exchange

American Sociological Review · 1997
被引 232
FT 50ABS 4★

中文导读

将身份理论引入网络交换模型,通过计算机模拟预测不同网络结构中节点的权力优势,模拟结果与已有实验一致,并揭示了个人身份与网络结构在决定权力和交换过程中的交互作用。

Abstract

Network exchange theory has developed primarily as a static, structural theory of power and dependence in networks. the author introduces a dynamic model of the exchange process in which network nodes are based on a model of identity processes as given by identity theory. That is, he uses the assumptions of identity theory to model the identity of a typical experimental subject whose primary goal is to participate in exchanges in an experimental paradigm. Computer simulations of the exchange process based on this identity model then generate predictions about the power advantage of particular nodes (actor's positions) relative to other nodes in a variety of networks. The resulting predictions correspond closely with results obtained in published experiments that have been interpreted as supporting network exchange theory. In addition, varying the characteristics of the identity model in the simulation reveal the interaction between individual (identity) and structural (network) characteristics in determining power and process in the network. He also shows how a process model, like the one simulated, allows us to understand the exchange process over the long run, which can differ considerably from the usual short-term laboratory experiment

网络交换理论身份理论社会心理学计算机模拟