To Bridge the Divide between Evidence and Policy: Reduce Ambiguity as Much as Uncertainty
政策制定者无法考虑所有证据，他们依赖情绪、信念和理性捷径来快速决策。本文指出，减少科学和政策的不确定性还不够，还需减少模糊性，即政策制定者如何从多种理解中选择一种来解决问题。
Abstract Policy makers cannot consider all evidence relevant to policy. They use two shortcuts—emotions and beliefs to understand problems and “rational” ways of establishing the best evidence on solutions—to act quickly in complex, multilevel policy‐making environments. Many studies only address one part of this problem. Improving the supply of evidence helps reduce scientific and policy maker uncertainty. However, policy makers also combine their beliefs with limited evidence to reduce ambiguity by choosing one of several possible ways to understand and solve a problem. We use this insight to consider solutions designed to “close the evidence–policy gap .”