The Shaping of Environmental Attitudes in Air Pollution Control Agencies
研究美国五个州空气污染控制机构员工的环境态度形成过程，分析机构内部经验与外部经历对态度的影响，为管理者通过招聘或培训调整员工态度提供依据。
T he effectiveness of public agencies in achieving the objectives for which they were created has become a paramount concern for administrators, politicians, and researchers. A variety of variables including resources, authority, structure, and political variables have been cited as influences on the effective performance of public agencies.' In addition, the attitudes held by personnel in pollution control agencies have been examined as possible influences on agency performance.2 If attitudes do affect behavior and ultimately the performance of public agencies, then the manipulation of attitudes also becomes relevant to performance. One crucial question confronting administrators is whether they can shape these attitudes by structuring the experience of employees already working within the agency or whether they must rely on recruitment practices to hire personnel who already hold appropriate attitudinal orientations. If the environmental attitudes of employees working in pollution control agencies are shaped primarily by their educational, professional, work, and life experiences occurring prior to their placement in the agencies, and if these resultant attitudes are relatively resistant to processes operating within agencies, then the only feasible way to alter attitude patterns within agencies is through recruitment practices. Alternatively, if attitudes are shaped primarily by experiences within the agencies, then attitudes conceivably may be altered through training or the structuring of incentive patterns and socialization processes. In the present study, attitude formation processes occurring within agencies and outside of the agency context will be examined for their impact on environmental attitudes held by employees of state air pollution control agencies in Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin.