Modern working life: A blurring of the boundaries between secondary and primary labour markets?
研究检验了永久性工人工作条件是否因国际竞争和工会密度下降而恶化，基于11个西欧国家的调查数据，发现低工作质量仍与灵活就业合同高度相关，并未出现风险民主化。
Today, there is a widespread suggestion that permanent workers are increasingly subject to precarious working conditions. Due to international competition and declining union density, job qualities of permanent workers are assumed to be under strain. According to proponents of a democratization of risk rationale, low job qualities that were traditionally attached to secondary labour markets are transferred to workers in primary segments of the labour market. In this study, the authors test this theoretical rationale among workers in 11 Western European economies, using two waves of the European Working Conditions Survey. The results do not confirm a democratization of labour market risk. Lower job qualities are highly associated with flexible employment contracts and highlight a clear gap between insiders and outsiders.