Image and Integrity in the Public Service
回应Wildavsky关于公共服务中失范现象的评论，探讨意识形态分歧如何导致公务员角色模糊，并面临持续攻击，适合关注公共行政伦理和政治冲突的读者。
In a recent commentary, Ubiquitous Anomie: Public Service in an Era of Ideological Dissensus (PA R, July/August 1988, pp. 753-755), Aaron Wildavsky described a sense of anomie or normlessness that he perceives in the public service, especially the federal service. Such a feeling, he argues, has grown out of an ideological dissensus among major party elites about the role of government and, in turn, the mission of the civil service. Under these conditions, says Wildavsky, those in the public bureaucracy are unclear about their role: should they emphasize efficiency and neutral competence or representativeness and political responsiveness? Moreover, according to Wildavsky, given the lack of agreement on their mission, those in the bureaucracy will be subject to continued attack. So long as political dissensus prevails, he writes, bureaucrats will remain the flak-catchers of American society.