Trademarks, Patents, and Innovation in the Ethical Drug Industry
研究发现专利到期对道德药品的市场主导地位影响甚微，商标带来的品牌忠诚阻碍了竞争发展，并讨论了促进价格竞争的措施及其对药品创新的潜在影响。
The expiration of a patent for an ethical drug has only a minor effect on its market dominance. Brand loyalty towards the trademark of the off-patent drug is a barrier to the development of competition. Remedies to induce price competition are discussed, and their potential impact on drug innovation is assessed.