A Reassessment of the Effects of Appeals on Response to Mail Surveys
通过两个邮件调查实验，发现使用呼吁和附言并不能提高回复率，甚至可能降低回复率，且对回复偏差和完整性无改善，建议在调查设计中纳入对照组以全面评估诱导效果。
Two mail surveys were conducted to test experimentally the effect of using appeals and postscripts to stimulate response to mail surveys. The results indicate that use of appeals presented as postscripts does not improve survey response. In one study, differences in response rates between treatment groups were observed, but in comparison with a control group the overall effect was to depress survey response. In the second study, treatment effects were equivalent to control group response. In both studies, response bias was unaffected and the completeness of survey response was not improved. The potential negative impact of these survey techniques supports the authors’ recommendation that control groups be more widely integrated into mail survey research designs if both the magnitude and direction of inducement effects are to be fully assessed.