Information Technology and Models of Governmental Productivity
本文探讨信息技术如何提升政府白领员工的生产率，提出五种基于生产率概念的模型，帮助澄清对信息技术在政府中应用效果的预期。
Both recent advances in computer-based technologies and a shift in the labor force toward white collar workers herald the coming of the age. The technical convergence of data processing, telecommunications, and office systems promises to move the general use of information technology from isolated computing centers to the desks of white collar workers. Most public organizations are using or considering the use of text processing, data base access, persona! computing, user-friendly software, teleconferencing, electronic mail and filing, digitized voice storage, and telecommunications networks that tie the various components into an integrated system. Information technology is now being designed and marketed not just for clerical workers, but for managers and professionals as well. Enthusiasm surrounding these innovations has led to claims that information technology can increase white collar and, in turn, the of government. Proponents of automation often justify expenditures on the basis of enhanced productivity, and advertisements for office automation equipment trumpet the increasing productivity produced by new technology. Yet, given confusion about the definition and measurement of in government, the goal of governmental through expanded use of information technology has different meanings for different people. These misunderstandings will continue to create problems for cost justification and realistic expectations concerning information technology use. We cannot possibly hope to present a single conception of governmental that satisfies all purposes. We do propose a conception that is appropriate for assessing the effects of information technology. We then present five models of improving governmental based on that conception which should help to clarify some expectations about improving in government with information technology.