254 Psychological and culturally influenced risk factors for the incidence and persistence of non-disabling and disabling musculoskeletal pain. Spanish CUPID study
基于西班牙CUPID研究，分析1105名护士和办公人员的数据，发现躯体化倾向预测新发致残性疼痛，对预后的不良信念则与非致残性和致残性疼痛的持续相关。
<h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the role of psychological risk factors for the development and persistence of non-disabling (NDMSP) and disabling (DMSP) musculoskeletal pain (MSP). <h3>Methods</h3> As part of the CUPID study, 1105 nurses and office workers were asked at baseline about psychological and work-related psychosocial risk factors, physical activities in the workplace and MSP in the past month and past year at ten anatomical sites (back, neck, and left and right shoulder, elbow, wrist/hand and knee). One year later, pain in the past month was again ascertained. Pain was defined as disabling if certain daily activities were difficult or impossible to perform. At baseline, pain-free anatomical sites were included in the analyses for new NDMSP and DMSP, and painful sites in the analysis for persistent NDMSP and DMSP. Analysis was based on anatomical sites and associations were explored using multilevel multinomial logistic regression modelling. <h3>Results</h3> 971 participants (87.9%) completed follow-up. Among 8083 pain-free anatomical sites at baseline, 341 (4.2%) and 412 (5.1%) were involved in new NDMSP and DMSP at follow-up. After adjustment for sex, age, occupational risk factors and pain at the same site in the past year, new DMSP was predicted by somatising tendency (OR 3.4, 95%CI 2.1–5.5). Among 1627 painful sites at baseline, 379 (23.3%) and 500 (30.7%) still had NDMSP and DMSP one-year later. Having adverse beliefs about the prognosis of MSP was associated with an increased risk of persistence of NDMSP (OR 2.3; 95%CI 1.2–4.6) and DMSP (OR 2.9; 95%CI 1.5–5.6). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Psychological risk factors may have a stronger role in the development and persistence of DMSP than of NDMSP.