Slavery and Other Property Rights1
解释奴隶制为何多见于农业发展的中间阶段，通过一个增长模型展示从平等产权到奴隶制再到自由劳动社会的内生转型过程。
The institution of slavery is found mostly at intermediate stages of agricultural development and less often among hunter-gatherers and advanced agrarian societies. We explain this pattern in a growth model with land and labour as inputs in production and an endogenously determined property rights institution. The economy endogenously transits from an egalitarian state with equal property rights to a despotic slave society where the elite own both people and land; thereafter, it endogenously transits into a free labour society, where the elite own the land but people are free. Copyright , Wiley-Blackwell.