The Reticent Trio: Some Little-Known Early Discoveries in Life Insurance Mathematics by L.H.F. Oppermann, T.N. Thiele and J.P. Gram
本文介绍了三位数学家Oppermann、Thiele和Gram在寿险数学领域的早期发现，这些发现鲜为人知，对精算学和统计学史研究者有参考价值。
Jan M. Hoem, The Reticent Trio: Some Little-Known Early Discoveries in Life Insurance Mathematics by L.H.F. Oppermann, T.N. Thiele and J.P. Gram, International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique, Vol. 51, No. 2 (Aug., 1983), pp. 213-221