Why the Partnership Model's Usefulness Far Exceeds That of the Client Model: Reply to Armstrong
本文对比商科教育中的学生作为客户模式与合伙模式，指出客户模式忽视教师成长和学习过程，而合伙模式强调师生共同学习，更有助于学生学会如何学习。
The article compares the student-as-client model with the partnership model for business education. The student-as-client model fails in comparison to the partnership model in several significant ways. For example, a major problem with the student-as-client model is that it implies that the professor has all the knowledge and expertise, and the only challenge is to get that knowledge and expertise to the student-client in a satisfactory way. On the other hand, the student-as-junior-partner model focuses attention on learning as a partnership—both students and faculty are looking for personal growth and development. In other words, the partnership model puts the focus on joint learning within a junior-senior partner framework, whereas the client model ignores learning and professional growth on the part of the faculty member. Equally important, the partnership model sees education as helping students learn how to learn. In sum, the partnership model implies an ideal that nevertheless stems from the real. The client model ignores the sense of an ideal while falling considerably short in describing the real. Thus, the latter's value and instrumental use are diminished.