Varieties of Capitalism: Some Philosophical and Historical Considerations
论证资本主义多样性并不否定对该系统进行定义的必要性，反驳了本质主义批判，并主张采用亚里士多德式本质论但拒绝其多样性源于偏离代表类型的观点，强调资本主义是历史特定且相对晚近的系统。
The literature on varieties of capitalism has stimulated some authors to challenge notions of ‘essentialism’ and even the concept of capitalism itself. This essay argues that the existence of varieties of capitalism does not rule out the need for, or possibility of, specification or definition of that type. Accordingly, ‘capitalism’ is still a viable term. The critique of ‘essentialism’ is also countered, after clarifying its meaning. In particular, a suitably defined ‘essentialism’ does not imply some kind of ontological or explanatory reductionism—‘economic’ or otherwise. But while adopting what are basically Aristotelian arguments about essences, we need to reject Aristotle’s auxiliary notion that variety generally results from temporary deviations from a representative type or trend. Furthermore, capitalism is a historically specific and relatively recent system: we need to develop a classificatory definition of that system that demarcates it from other past or possible social formations.