PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS AND FALLING TRADE COSTS: BOON OR BANE?*
在异质性企业和技术不对称的垄断竞争模型中，分析全球化中生产率提升和贸易成本下降对福利的影响，发现伙伴国生产率提升会损害本国福利，且贸易成本下降可能使技术先进国受益而落后国受损。
This article looks at two features of globalization, namely, productivity improvements and falling trade costs, and explores their effect on welfare in a monopolistic competition model with heterogenous firms and technological asymmetries. Contrary to received wisdom, and for reasons different from adverse terms of trade effects, it is shown that improvements in a partner's productivity must hurt us. Moreover, falling trade costs can raise welfare in the technologically advanced country while reducing it in the backward one, if technological asymmetries are large enough.