What differentiates top regions in the field of biotechnology? An empirical study of the texture characteristics of biotech regions in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific
分析了1992-1997年生物技术产业快速成长期，顶尖区域与其他区域在纹理特征（如锚定企业、创业导向的科研机构、科学声望）上的差异，基于专利和论文指标识别出两类顶尖区域。
This article analyzes the texture characteristics of regions that developed substantial technological activities in the biotechnology field. Building on patent and publication-based indicators, we find support for the presence of two distinctive types of regions that are able to develop into “top regions” during the rapid growth phase of the biotech industry (period 1992–1997). In addition, the study highlights differences between top region and other regions in terms of regional texture characteristics (presence of anchor tenant firms, entrepreneurial-oriented scientific actors, and scientific eminence).