Targeted or Universal Coverage? Assessing Heterogeneity in the Effects of Universal Child Care
研究魁北克全民托儿政策对不同家庭儿童发展得分的异质性影响，发现该政策对来自弱势单亲家庭的儿童有积极促进作用，而过去研究认为该政策对双亲家庭有负面影响。
We provide evidence on the distributional effects of Quebec’s universal child care policy. Our analysis uncovers substantial policy relevant heterogeneity in the estimated effect of access to subsidized child care across two developmental score distributions for children from two-parent families. Whereas past research reported findings of negative effects on mothers and children from these families, igniting controversy, our estimates reveal a more nuanced image that formal child care can indeed boost developmental outcomes for children from some households: particularly disadvantaged single-parent households. We present suggestive evidence that the heterogeneity in policy effects is consistent with differences in home learning environments.