Executive Mobility and Minority Status
研究了美国上市公司中少数族裔高管（包括女性和少数族裔）的晋升、降职和离职情况，发现女性和非裔美国高管面临更差的流动性结果，而亚裔和西班牙裔高管与白人高管无显著差异。
We examine the mobility of minority executives, defined as ethnic minority and female executives, in publicly listed U.S. firms. Minority executives as a whole experience lower promotion, higher demotion, and higher exit than Caucasian males. Female and African American executives account for the majority of these differences. Specifically, female executives experience lower promotion and exit, while African Americans experience lower promotion, higher demotion, and higher exit. In contrast, Asian and Hispanic executives do not experience different mobility outcomes from Caucasian executives.