The Moral Muteness of Managers
探讨管理者为何不愿用伦理语言谈论商业问题，分析导致这种道德沉默的因素及其长期成本，并提出干预建议。
This article examines the pervasive reluctance of managers to talk about issues of business in ethical terms. It examines several factors that give rise to this avoidance of talk, or moral muteness. Moral talk is perceived by many business people as constituting threats to organizational harmony, to managerial effectiveness, and to their own images of power. Moral muteness, in turn, creates several long-term costs for managers, including amnesia about ethical dimensions of business practice, stress for individual managers, neglect of abuses, and decreased authority for ethical standards. This article concludes with a series of recommended interventions to reduce these problems.