The Electoral Dynamics of Human Development
分析了1980-2013年82个国家面板数据，发现人类发展增长率存在选举周期，多数政府有影响，但无党派效应，且周期在非OECD国家、低收入、总统制等条件下更强。
This paper analyses the impact of elections, partisan and political support effects on the dynamics of human development in a panel of 82 countries over the period 1980–2013. A Generalised Method of Moments(GMM) estimator is employed and the results point out to the presence of an electoral cycle in the growth rate of human development. Majority governments also influence it, but no evidence is found regarding partisan effects. The electoral cycles have proved to be stronger in non-OECD countries, in countries with less frequent elections, with lower levels of income and human development, in presidential and non-plurality systems and in proportional representation regimes.