Automation in Training and Education
本文回顾了自动化教学的历史、当前应用（如测试、模拟、电子讲座）及未来方向，指出课件开发的时间和成本是主要问题，适合关注教育技术发展的研究者。
Computer-based training and education are becoming increasingly prevalent and important. This article discusses the history of automated instruction, current applications, issues and problems, and future prospects. Current applications include such traditional uses of computers as testing, drills, tutorials, games, simulations, and student management. New applications include embedded training, computer literacy, interactive videodisc, and electronic lectures. The most important issue in automated instruction at present is the time and costs associated with the development of courseware. Other important problems include the difficulty of implementing individualized instruction in organizations accustomed to classroom teaching, the scarcity of educators who are computer literate, and the evaluation of courseware. Microcomputers have greatly accelerated the growth of computer-based instruction in all domains. Intelligent CAI, authoring systems, hand-held computers, speech processing, and telecommunication technologies such as videotex are seen as shaping the future direction of automated instruction.