POLLUTION MOBILITY, PRODUCTIVITY DISPARITY, AND THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POLLUTING AND NONPOLLUTING FIRMS
构建模型刻画污染型与非污染型企业的均衡分布，发现当污染型企业产生大量固定污染且生产率显著高于或低于清洁企业时，均衡分布偏离社会最优，传统污染控制方法难以实现最优分布。
ABSTRACT This paper first develops a model to characterize the equilibrium distribution of polluting and nonpolluting firms and then turns to the larger question of whether the equilibrium distribution is socially optimal. We find that the equilibrium distribution of polluting firms differs from the social optimum when they generate a large amount of stationary pollution and have much higher or lower productivity than clean firms. In these cases, conventional pollution control approaches generally do not bring about an optimal distribution. Consideration of transport costs along with productivity and pollution changes some of the classic results of the new economic geography literature.